Phosphine - PH3
Hazard: Flammable Will Explode LEL 1.79%
Classification: Health Extremely toxic
Synonyms: Celphos, Delicia, Detia, Hydrogen Phosphide, Phosphoretted Hydrogen, Phosphorus Trihydride
Exposure limits: (OSHA) PEL\TWA: 3 ppm
(ACGIH) STEL: 1 ppm
(OSHA) IDLH: 50 ppm
Industries: Chemical intermediate, doping agent, pesticide, fumigant
Phosphine is a colorless, flammable highly toxic gas with a fishy or garlic-like odor. Phosphine acts on the central nervous system and lungs leading to pulmonary edema. Symptoms like faintness, vomiting, headache, tightness in the chest may appear rapidly after exposure. Even a short exposure to an acute amount of phosphine can lead to chronic neurological problems. It should also be recognized that phosphine is highly flammable and may spontaneously ignite in air or even explode when mixed with oxygen. Phosphine coming in contact with oxidizers, halogenated hydrocarbons, or even aluminum and copper may cause the same. It is for this reason that extreme care must be adhered to whenever working with or around phosphine.
Effects of Various PH3 Levels
Phosphine Level in PPM Resulting Conditions on Humans
.3 OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL).
1 OSHA Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL).
35 Diarrhea, nausea, respiratory distress.
500 Lethal after 45 minutes.
2000 Lethal after 1-3 minutes.
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